Toxicology and Pharmacology

Veterinary toxicology is the study of the effects of chemicals, drugs, plants, and environmental toxins on animal health. It involves identifying, diagnosing, and managing poisoning cases in domestic, farm, and wildlife species. This field addresses how toxic substances interact with animal physiology, the mechanisms of toxicity, and the development of treatment protocols to counteract harmful effects. Veterinary toxicologists also play a role in food safety, ensuring that residues from medications or environmental contaminants do not enter the human food chain.

Veterinary pharmacology focuses on the study of drugs and their effects on animals, including how medications are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. It encompasses understanding drug mechanisms, therapeutic uses, and potential side effects across different species. This field is essential for designing safe and effective treatment plans, determining appropriate dosages, and developing new veterinary drugs. It also includes principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to ensure optimal outcomes in disease management and animal health.